Factors Affecting on Job Satisfaction level and Social Status among Library Professionals in Chhattisgarh

 Aditi Joshi^1,*, Harish Kumar Sahu²

^{1, 2} School of Studies in Library & Information Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C. G. (India)

^*Corresponding Author:  aditijoshi2479@gmail.com  

[Received: 08 November 2020; Accepted: 18 September 2020; Published Online: 12 February 2021]

Keywords: Job satisfaction, Library professionals, Social Status, Professional Status, Motivation and Human resources.

 Introduction

The library plays a vital role in executing the work of library professionals and providing information for user’s satisfaction. To get the information scattered to the information seekers, the library professionals play an important role in the higher education department as well as in other areas. Job satisfaction is the positive tendency of work which is the result of the joyful feeling of one's job. In the era of Information Technology, information needs are expanding with new findings and development. The job of the Library Professional affects the entire activities of the Library. Satisfaction is essential to the development, operation and strong environment of all institutions. The Job satisfaction of Library professionals is necessary for the systematic implementation of the library. It depends naturally on the economic, social and cultural conditions.

A librarian who cannot get adequate salary will have to face the problem of maintaining his family life. This problem keeps away the librarian from being satisfied due to economic conditions, social facilities are adequate. Low pay status affects social security satisfaction. Characteristics such as age, qualification, experience, salary, marital status and sex with satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The factors influencing job satisfaction among Library professionals are as follows:

 Job Enrichment, Decision making, Nature of work, Salary, Job Challenges, Status of library professionals, Professional Status, social status, Job Involvement (Motivation), Job Contribution, Work Environments. Work Evaluation, working security and Professional development. This study focuses on the Nature of work, professional status, social status, motivation, management support, and professional development.

Literature Review

Khan Ahmad (2013), in his study, found the level of work satisfaction of 49 libraries and concluded that 38.80% of professionals have given some consent to the nature of their work and 30.60% for the benefit. 32.20% of respondents in the minor disagreements supervision, 32.70% particularly disagreeable contingency award. This 28.60 % have given some disagreement on the occasion of promotion. 24.50% has given some disagreement for income and communication. The library professionals have to improve communication skills and solutions to address the growing problem. The Professionals are dissatisfied with the nature, supervision, and reward of the work.

R. Maheshkumar and s. Jayaraman (2013) examines the factors which are related to job satisfaction among librarians. Sample of 100 respondents from Coimbatore city indicated that job satisfaction among librarians is not related to their sex, the type of library in which they worked, or their vocational needs, but it is related to the job involvements, the supervisory climate and the essential characteristics of the job itself. The qualifications of the library personnel are the fundamental determinant of the development and organization of the service.

R. Biju and A. Ganesan (2015) conducted a study on the level of job satisfaction among Public Library Professionals in Kerala. Various aspects of Job Satisfaction such as nature of work, salary, promotions, supervision, co-worker, ICT/Technical Knowledge, Professional Development, and other, etc. were analyzed which affects the satisfaction level. As a result, to improve the Job Satisfaction of the library professionals in Kerala State, Work can improve the performance as well as reduce the stress among employees. No significant difference among the library professionals based on Gender, Marital Status, Supervisory status, Involvement in ICT and Satisfaction of benefits.

Mondal, Arup Kumar (2014) has conducted a study on job satisfaction among library professionals in terms of status, service status, promotional policy, and interpersonal relationships. In the study, 63 questionnaires were received to the professionals of 7 state-funded general university libraries of West Bengal. The result of the study shows that most of the library professionals like their job and they have a good bonding as well as understanding between colleagues and their supervisor. But they are dissatisfied with the monetary benefits, salary & promotional policy of the organization.

Sambo, Atanda Saliu investigates job satisfaction among librarians serving in Nigeria libraries. Through systematic random sampling was used to select the librarians involved in the survey. A total of 201 questionnaires were distributed to librarians and 145, representing a 72% response rate, were completed and returned. Most of the librarians of West Bengal SFGU libraries are dis-satisfied with the monetary benefits they receive. They also dissatisfied with the pay & promotional policy of the institute.

Objectives of the Study

1. The objectives of the study are to measure the level of job satisfaction among library professionals of selected areas of Chhattisgarh state.
2. To focus the satisfaction level among Library Professionals though the factors Nature of work Professional status, social status, motivation, Management support and Professional development.
3. To study the effect of demographic profile such as sex, marital status qualification, work experience.
4. Measure the satisfaction level by mean and standard deviation calculation. 

Research Methodology

The study used a sample survey method to collect the data from library professionals of Chhattisgarh state.100 questionnaires were distributed to Library Professionals and 69 questionnaires were received. The questionnaire is based on Lickert’s 5 point scale from ‘1- strongly disagree to 5 - strongly agree’ to know the opinion about the factors affecting job satisfaction. The Survey has 17 items connected to the subsequent five factors about job satisfaction: Nature of Work, Professional Status social status, motivation, and Human resources factor. Data is analyzed with the help of MS Excel.

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Demographic Profile

Table no.1 and figure no.1 show that the majority of the respondents are female library professionals (53.62%) while the rest are male professionals (46.38%). Among the sample of library professionals, 81.16 % are married and 18.84% are unmarried. The basic qualification for entry as library professionals in degree with B. Lib. & I. Sc., but there is no professionals are seen in this minimum qualification. While 31.88% library professionals in degree with M. Lib. & I. Sc. The majority (46.38%) of the respondents have taken an M. Phil degree. 21.74% are Doctorate (Ph.D.) in library science. Majority 34.78% of professionals have experience with 5-9 years and 20.29% of professionals have experience of below five years. 17.39% have more than 20 years of working experience.

 Table 1 Demographic profile

  Figure 1 Demographic profile

Nature of Work

It is clear from figure no.2 that the majority 49.28% of the respondents are strongly agreed about the statement “Your Profession is great so I'm proud to have a library staff” and 46.38% Professionals are agreed about “My Profession is useful for Society”. About the statement “I am Satisfied because my Profession is Education, user and Social services-oriented” 40.58% are strongly agreed and 44.78% are agreed.

Figure 2 Nature of Work (Abbreviation: SD – Strongly disagree; DA – Disagree; N– Neither Agree or Disagree; A- Agree; SA- Strongly Agree)

Professional Status

It is observed from figure no.3 the factor professional statuses 8.96% of respondents are strongly agreed and 43.28% are agreed about the statement “Pay and financial benefits are equivalent to educational employee”. 57.97% Professionals are agreed about “You get recognition and respect in the library for the work”. About the statement “According to UGC you are considered equivalent to the academic staff”46.38% are agreed and 11.59% are strongly agreed.

Figure 3 Professional Status (Abbreviation: SD – Strongly disagree; DA – Disagree; N– Neither Agree or Disagree; A- Agree;   SA- Strongly Agree)

Social Status

Figure no.4 correlates the factor social status which affects job satisfaction of library professionals. 10.14% of respondents are strongly agreed and 33.33% are agreed about the statement “you considered a high ranking officer in the society”.56.52% library professionals are agreed and 15.94% are strongly agreed about “You have been considered less than other professionals”. 71.01% are agreed and 18.84% are strongly agreed about the statement “I support my profession”.

Figure 4 Social Status (Abbreviation: SD – Strongly Disagree; DA – Disagree; N– Neither Agree or Disagree; A- Agree; SA- Strongly Agree)

Motivation

Above figure, no.5 indicates that most professionals agree about the motivational factor.59.42% respondent is agreed and 17.39% disagree with “Training opportunities are obtained” while 69.57% are agreed and 26.09% are strongly agreed about “Working increases my self-esteem”. For the statement “you get opportunities to participate in seminars, workshops, and conferences”. 59.42% are agreed and 18.84% strongly agree. It is found that 65.22% of the libraries professionals agree to enjoy challenging work and most of 68.12% agreed with they get the reward for good work.

Figure 5 Motivation (Abbreviation: SD – Strongly Disagree; DA – Disagree; N– Neither Agree or Disagree; A- Agree; SA- Strongly Agree)

Human Resources Factor

Figure no.6 shows the Job Satisfaction affecting to Human resources factor and statement that “Do you take help your subordinates?”47.83% are disagreed and only a total of 7.25% of them are agreed. However, 76.81% of respondents agree that take helps your coordinates. 39.13% agree with the supervisor will help in solving problems.

Figure 6 Human resources factor (Abbreviation: SD – Strongly Disagree; DA – Disagree; N– Neither Agree or Disagree; A- Agree; SA- Strongly Agree)

Mean Bbservation Level of Job Satisfaction

Figure no.7 shows the level of job satisfaction among library professionals. The mean score of the factor ‘nature of work’ (4.34) is the highest and scores of ‘Social status’ (2.45) are the lowest. The mean scores of other affective factors are ‘Professionals status’ (3.46), ‘motivation’ (3.94), and management support.

Table 7 Mean observation level of Job Satisfaction

Figure 7 Mean observation level of Job Satisfaction

Findings

1. Most of the library professionals were female, married and have taken an M. Phil degree.
2. The majority of library professionals are 5 to 9-year experiences. 
3. Library professionals were unsatisfied with the nature of work.
4. Library professionals were satisfied with Professional and social status.
5. Motivational factor affects their profession and job satisfaction.
6. Library professionals were highly satisfied with subordinates but not to the supervisor.
7. As a result of the calculation of mean score and standard deviation, library professionals are dissatisfied with their nature of work and satisfied with Social status.

Conclusion

Job satisfaction is a positive and negative feeling that people have a concern about their existing job. The level of job satisfaction may from extreme satisfaction to extreme dissatisfaction. Activities of staff at work are an essential factor in organizational enlargement. Academic libraries play an important role in their user's satisfaction. Job Satisfaction is correlated with the satisfaction of user so libraries need to work on this way to improve the job satisfaction among the library professionals. The study is an effort to find the level of job satisfaction among the library professionals of Chhattisgarh state and to analyze the various factors related to job satisfaction such as the nature of work, Professional status, social status, motivation, human resources. As a result by calculation of mean, most of the library professionals are not satisfied with their nature of work but moderately satisfy with Professional status, motivation and human resources. High social status affects their satisfaction level. It is concluded that all the feature are important which affect the satisfaction of library Professionals. They should also try to improve their status by enjoying the work, self- esteem because they know their profession is to support academic activities. 

References