Library Automation in Government Polytechnic Colleges, Affiliated to CSVTU, Chhattisgarh

¹Neelam, ²Harish Kumar Sahu

^1,2SoS in Library and Information Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G) India 492010

neelammarkande08@gmail.com, harishkumarsahu1974@gmail.com

Abstract

The present status and issues of library automation in Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University (CSVTU) affiliated Government Polytechnic Colleges are researched in this study. As library services integrate more and more Information and Communication Technology (ICT), automation becomes a crucial factor to increase efficiency and accessibility. The study assesses levels of automation, utilization of software, skills needed for going digital, and obstacles to professional growth for librarians. Mixed methods were adopted involving structured questionnaires, interviews, and online surveys combined with data analysis done using SPSS. Out of the 39 colleges surveyed, 7.7% are fully automated, 41% partially automated, 30.7% in the initial stage, and 17.9% are non-automated. Koha is the most popular software (52.8%), followed by NewGenLib, SOUL, and Libsys.

The key competencies identified are database administration, OCR software, Microsoft Office skills, and navigating online learning. The key challenges for librarians are that they have limited access to training programs, no infrastructure, insufficient time due to workload, and resistance to new technologies.

Keywords: Library automation, Digital skills, Professional development, Technological barriers, Librarianship, Training programs, Institutional support, Library management systems.

Introduction

Libraries utilize Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to enhance the efficiency of their daily operations and improve the search services offered to their members. Library automation refers to the integration of computing technology with library collections and services to increase their effectiveness. This process encompasses various activities such as cataloging, circulation, acquisition, serial control, and user management. Traditionally, libraries organized their collections through manual methods, which were not only time-consuming but also prone to errors. However, with the implementation of automated library systems, the efficiency and quality of library services have significantly improved. Polytechnic colleges face challenges such as budget constraints, lack of technological experience, and technophobia when attempting to implement automation. To effectively utilize library automation technology in polytechnic colleges, collaboration among students, lecturers, and administrators is essential. This teamwork aims to overcome obstacles and maximize the benefits of automation.

Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University

Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University (CSVTU) was established under Act No. 25 of 2004, enacted by the Chhattisgarh State Government Assembly. The university began operations on January 21, 2005, as per Notification No. 639/21-A/Praroopan/04. It was created to provide structured, effective, and quality education in engineering, technology, architecture, and pharmacy, offering programs at various levels, including research, postgraduate, degree, and diploma courses.

Library Automation in Government colleges Affiliated to CSVTU

There are 39 Government Polytechnic College libraries affiliated with CSVTU. Automation is essential in these libraries to enhance resource utilization by both students and teaching staff. Not only does automation simplify the tasks of librarians, but it also significantly improves the quality of services provided to educators and students, leading to better access to information and optimal resource utilization.

Literature Review

Numerous studies have explored various aspects of automation and library management systems in different regions.

Vijaya, Atchamamba, and Prabhakar (2024) conducted a study on the automation of libraries in engineering colleges affiliated with JNTU Gurajada. They found that 33.33% of libraries were fully automated, while the rest were partially automated. Libraries utilized software such as SOUL, Koha, E-Zlib, E-Cap, and Libsys primarily for cataloging, circulation, and OPAC. Major issues identified included inadequate funding, insufficient training, and a lack of interest among staff. At least 55% of participants expressed satisfaction with the automation software they used. The study emphasizes the need for training, the adoption of open-source software, and infrastructure upgrades, echoing findings from previous research on library automation in Indian universities.

Panda, Subhasish, et al. (2024) added to the literature with their research titled "Status of Library Automation among Government Autonomous College Libraries in Odisha: Challenges and Opportunities." The authors examined the status, challenges, and opportunities in the implementation of library automation in government autonomous college libraries in Odisha. Their conclusions highlighted infrastructural and administrative limitations while also recognizing the potential for modernization through supportive policies and strategic planning.

Jaiswal and Negi (2023) compared the status of automation in degree college libraries in Gorakhpur, identifying challenges such as limited funding and short technical expertise. They pointed out areas that require further exploration regarding the best methods to address barriers and improve the utilization of automation.

Ghosh and Saha (2022) underscored the importance of Koha software in simplifying patron management in libraries. Their research demonstrated how such open-source tools can enhance staff efficiency and service quality, making them valuable assets for modern library management.

Khan and Ayesha (2022) examined the key features of Information Management Systems (IMSs) in university libraries in Pakistan, providing insights into librarians' preferences and challenges related to automation. However, it remains unclear how these features perform in practice, suggesting the need for empirical studies to assess their implementation and impact.

Objective

1.     To assess the level of automation in CSVTU-affiliated government polytechnic college libraries in Chhattisgarh. 

2.     To evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of library management software and systems. 

3.     To determine the skills librarians, need to thrive in a digital library environment. 

4.     To investigate the challenges involved in updating librarians' skills and adjusting to technological advancements.

5.     To study strategies for developing librarians' digital skills and facilitating ongoing professional development.

Methodology

To achieve the goals of this research, a combination of quantitative and qualitative research approaches, along with a thorough literature review, has been utilized. The study is focused on the automation of government polytechnic college libraries under CSVTU affiliation. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, complemented by Google form, interviews and survey to understand the working environment of librarians and their views regarding automation. The data collected was further processed and analyzed using SPSS software, and presented in tables, charts, and figures to aid clarity and interpretation.

Scope of the Study

There is 39 Government Polytechnic  affiliated with  Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University (CSVTU ).

Table 1 : List of Government college affiliated to CSVTU

1.     Government Girls Polytechnic Jagdalpur

2.     Uday Prasad Uday Govt. Polytechnic Durg

3.     Government Polytechnic Khairagarh

4.     Government Polytechnic Mahasamund

5.     Government Girls Polytechnic Raipur

6.     Kirodimal Govt. Polytechnic Raigarh

7.     Government Polytechnic Takhatpur

8.     Government Girls Polytechnic Bilaspur

9.     Minimata Government Polytechnic, Rajnandgaon

10.  Government Polytechnic Korba

11.  Govt. Polytechnic Kawardha

12.  Govt. Polytechnic, Jashpur

13.  B.R.P.Govt. Polytechnic Dhamtari

14.  Government Polytechnic, Berla

15.  Govt. Polytechnic Bijapur

16.  Govt. Polytechnic Ramanujganj

17.  Govt. Co-Ed Polytechnic ,Balodabazar

18.  Government Polytechnic, Balod

19.  Govt. Polytechnic Gariyaband

20.  Government Polytechnic Thankhamariya

21.  Govt. Polytechnic Kanker

22.  Govt. Polytechnic Sukma

23.  Govt. Co-Ed Polytechnic, Bilaspur

24.  Government Polytechnic, Berla

25.  Govt. Polytechnic Bijapur

26.  Govt. Polytechnic Ramanujganj

27.  Govt. Co-Ed Polytechnic ,Balodabazar

28.  Government Polytechnic, Balod

29.  Govt. Polytechnic Gariyaband

30.  Govt. Co-Ed Polytechnic, Raipur

31.  Government Polytechnic, Surajpur

32.  MSME Technology, Durg

33.  NMDC DAV Polytechnic College

34.  Gov. Co-Ed Polytechnic, Bastar

35.  Government Polytechnic, Kondagaon

36.  Government Polytechnic Pathariya

37.  Government Polytechnic Marwahi

38.  Government Polytechnic Bagicha

39.  Government Polytechnic Chirmiri

Result Analysis

The research consists of 39 Librarian or equivalent to librarian  working in Government Polytechnic Colleges in Chhattisgarh. Out of the 39 questionnaires distributed, 39 were received and used for analysis.

Table 2 Demographic Analysis

The Table 2 indicates that 74.4% (29) of the respondents are male, while 25.6% (10) are female, showing that most of Librarian in Government Polytechnic Colleges in Chhattisgarh are male. In addition, the research indicates that 58.9% of the respondents are in the age bracket 31-40, and it is the highest category when the research was conducted. 17.9% are between the ages of 41-50, while 7.7% are 51 years and older.

Table 3 and Figure 1 show that out of the 39 polytechnic college libraries, 3 (7.7%) are completely automated,  16 (41%) are partially automated, 12 (30.7%) are initial stage of automation and 7 (17.9%) are without any automation.

Table 3 Library Automation Status

Figure 1 Library Automation Status

Table 3 and Figure 2 show that out of the thirty-nine colleges, 22.22% (2 colleges) use SOUL software, another 22.22% (2 colleges) use KOHA, while an equal percentage (22.22% or 2 colleges) use E-lib software. Likewise, 22.22% (2 colleges) use E-Cap software, and the last 11.11% (1 college) uses Libsys software.

Table 3: Pattern of Software-usage

Figure 2 : Usage pattern

Skills Determination

This part of study is to determine the skills requirements of ICT  for working professional in Polytechnic College Libraries.

Table 4 Skills Requirements

Table 4 Skills Requirements indicates that 82% of respondents recognize the necessity of database discovery techniques, noting its significance in digital library management. Moreover, 56%  concur that digital imaging and scanning tools are necessary for today's libraries. A whopping 53.8% of respondents identify the importance of learning computer hardware and networking, while 41% acknowledge the utility of Microsoft Office skills in library functions. Furthermore, 72% concur on the utility of optical character recognition (OCR) in digitizing printed content. In terms of data management, 79% prioritize organizing and saving electronic files, and 33.3% underscore the significance of navigating online learning platforms as a means to improve digital literacy.

Table 5 Problem involved in refreshing librarians' skills

Table 5, shows a large percentage of respondents pointed out different difficulties in renewing their professional skills. Most of them, 53.8% of the respondents (21 strongly agree, 18 agree), stated that limited access to training programs is the main obstacle to skill improvement. On financial limitations, 46.1% (6 strongly agree, 12 agree) agreed that the exorbitant fee of professional development courses is a major barrier, while 48.7% (8 disagree, 11 strongly disagree) found it not to be a significant barrier. Likewise, 84.6% (16 strongly agree, 17 agree) of the respondents pointed out a lack of technological resources as a major barrier to acquiring skills. Workload-induced time pressures were identified as an issue by 79.4% (22 strongly agree, 9 agree) and not seen as an issue by 20.5%. Also, 97.4% (26 strongly agree, 12 agree) identified resistance to new technology as a major problem in developing professional skills.

Conclusion

The research findings of this study highlight the paramount obstacles faced by librarians in skill development, especially access to training programs and technical and financial challenges. The research identifies workload pressure and new technology resistance as barriers to professional development. Overcoming these challenges demands a collective effort from professional associations, policymakers, and educational institutions to promote systematic training programs and technological assistance. By overcoming such impediments, libraries can optimize their functional efficiency and ensure that librarians stay abreast of the changing digital environment.

Reference

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