5th usVodZ ds ek/;e ls xzaFkky; lsok,a % ,d ifjp;

gjh'k dqekj lkgw *, izoh.k dqekj nsokaxu **

Lkkjka”k &

5th usVodZ iz.kkyh ds vo/kkj.kk] fodklØe] izdkjksa rFkk fo'ks"krkvksa dh O;k[;k djus ds lkFk 5th usVodZ ds xzaFkky;ksa esa mi;ksx ls xzaFkky; lsokvksa esa gksus okys izHkko o ykHk&gkfu;ksa dk vkdyu djrk gSA

”kCn dwath: 5th usVodZ] xzaFkky; lsok] dEI;wVj usVodZ] lapkj izkS|ksfxdh vkSj bZ&lalk/kuA

1- izLrkouk (Introduction)

      *lapkj Økafr* dk fodkl ekuo ds fy, egRoiw.kZ miyfC/k gSA ftl xfr ls lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh dk fodkl gqvk gS  'kk;n gh fdlh vU; {ks= esa gqvk gksxkA lapkj izkS|ksfxdh esa usVodZ iz.kkyh ds fodkl ds lkFk&lkFk eksckby izkS|ksfxdh ds lefUor fodkl us bl dk;Z dks vkSj vklku cuk fn;k gS ;gha dkj.k gS fd vkt gj vk;q&oxZ ds yksx bu lapkj midj.kksa dk vf/kd ls vf/kd mi;ksx dj jgs gSaA ifjorZu izd`fr dk fu;e gS vkSj bl fu;e ls lapkj izkS|ksfxdh Hkh vNqrk ugha gS fur u;s vuqla/kku ds dkj.k izfrfnu lapkj ek/;eksa o lsokvksa esa ifjorZu gks jgk gS vkt tks izkS|ksfxdh vkids gkFkksa esa gS og t#jh ugha fd dy Hkh mlh voLFkk esa gksA Lo#i esa Øfed ifjorZu o v|ru rduhdksa dk lekos'k izkS|ksfxdh dh igpku gSA vk/kqfud xzaFkky; Hkh bl usVoÉdx ds {ks= esa gq, ifjorZu dk i{k/kj jgk gSA eksckby usVodZ vkt gekjs thou dk vfHkUu vax cu x;k gS ;g u dsoy gekjs dk;Zdykiksa esa rsth ykrk gS ;k mRikndrk dks c<+krk gS vfirq gekjs lkekftd laca/kksa dks Hkh tksM+s j[kus dk dk;Z djrk gSA lapkj izkS|ksfxdh esa *th* iz.kkyh ds fodkl us usVoÉdx ds {ks= esa Økafr yk nh gS] vHkh dqN le; iwoZ gh *4th* usVodZ iz.kkyh dk vkxkt+ gqvk Fkk vkSj vc *5th* usVodZ iz.kkyh gekjs gkFkksa esa vkus dh izkjafHkd voLFkk esa gSA

2- *th* usVodZ iz.kkyh D;k gS \ (What is ‘G’ Networking System)

      lkekU; vFkksZa esa *th* o.kZ vkaXy Hkk"kk ds *G* cMs+ v{kj dk fgUnh #i gS ftldk vFkZ tujs'ku (Generation) gksrk gS bls fgUnh Hkk"kk esa *ih<+h* dgk tkrk gSA yxHkx 1980 ds n'kd esa th iz.kkyh dk fodkl Hkh eksckby Qksu ds vfo"dkj ds lkFk gh 'kq# gqvk FkkA izkjafHkd voLFkk esa ;g dsoy Hkk"kh; laokn ds vknku iznku gsrq rS;kj fd;k x;k Fkk ijUrq izkS|ksfxdh ds Øfed fodkl ds lkFk bl iz.kkyh esa Hkh O;kikd ifjorZu gqvk vkt tks ge rkj jfgr usVodZ iz.kkyh dk orZeku Lo#i ns[k jgsa gSa] og blh ifjorZu dk gh ifj.kke gSA usVoÉdx ds *th* iz.kkyh ds fodkl Øe dks fuEufyf[kr fcanqvksa ls le>k tk ldrk gS%

1- *1th* usVodZ (1G Network)%

        ;g rkj jfgr eksckby usVodZ iz.kkyh dh izFke ih<+h FkhA 1980 ds n'kd esa 1th iz.kkyh dk fodkl gqvk Fkk] ftlesa lans'kksa dks ,ukykWx flXuy (Analog Signal) ds #i esa izlkfjr fd;k tkrk FkkA ;g izkjafHkd voLFkk dh usVodZ iz.kkyh Fkh ftlesa dsoy Hkk"kh; lapkj o y?kq lans'kksa dks izlkfjr djus dh lqfo/kk FkhA foyacrk vf/kd gksus ds dkj.k lapkj xq.kork detksj gksus ds lkFk QSyko ds n`f"V ls Hkh bl usVodZ iz.kkyh dh igqqap Hkh dqN pqfuank {ks=ksa rd gh lhfer Fkh A ;g LFkk;h usVodZ ij dk;Z djus okyk Fkk vFkkZr~ jksfeax lqfo/kk ugha Fkh] lkFk gh blesa  cMs+ vkdkj ds  eksckby gS.MlsV mi;ksx gksus ds dkj.k cSVjh dh Hkh [kir vf/kd gksrh FkhA

2- *2th* usVodZ (2G Network)%

        ;g eksckby usVodZ iz.kkyh dh nwljh ih<+h dk izfrfuf/kRo djrk gSA Xykscy flLVe QkWj dE;wfuds'ku (Global System for Communication) ij vk/kkfjr bl rduhd dk mn~Hko 1998 esa gqvk] bldh izeq[k fo'ks"krk ;g Fkh fd blds }kjk fMftVy flXuy dk mi;ksx laokn o lans'kksa ds izlkfjr djus gsrq fd;k tkus yxk Fkk] ifj.kke Lo#i Hkk"kh; lapkj dh xq.kork csgrj gqbZ lkFk gh 2th usVodZ esa MsVk Vªkalfe'ku Hkh vklku gks x;kA izkjafHkd voLFkk esa 2th usVodZ dh MkmuyksM o viyksM djus dh vf/kdre {kerk 236 fdyks ckbV izfr lsdaM FkhA nqfu;k dks eksckby usVodZ ls tksM+us dk Js; bl ih<+h dks fn;k tkrk gSA bl usVodZ iz.kkyh us u dsoy ekStqnk usVodZ iz.kkyh esa lq/kkj fd;k vfirq 3th usVodZ dk ekxZ iz'kLr Hkh fd;kA

3- *3th* usVodZ (3G Network)%

        lu~ 2001 esa tkiku ls bl usVodZ iz.kkyh dk lw=ikr gqvk Fkk] ftlesa MsVk Vªkalfe'ku dh xfr esa vHkqriwoZ lq/kkj fd;k x;k Fkk] blesa MsVk Vªkalfe'ku dh nj 40 yk[k fcV izfr lsdaM rd gksrh FkhA bl rduhd dk ekudhdj.k baVjus'kuy VsyhdE;wfuds'ku ;wfu;u (International Telecommunication Union) us fd;k FkkA 3th rduhd ds vkus ls u dsoy dkWy] lans'k o Nfo dks Hkstus dh lqfo/kk Fkh vfirq ekssckby ls fofM;ks dkWy o fofM;ks dkaÝsflax dh Hkh lqfo/kk FkhA bl usVodZ ds ek/;e ls Vsyhfotu Hkh eksckby ij ns[kk tk ldrk FkkA bl rduhd us iwjh nwfu;k esa Økafr yk nh D;ksafd 3th usVodZ ds vkus ls gh vk/kqfud LekVZQkssu dk tUe gqvk Fkk] bl usVodZ iz.kkyh eas MkWVk vknku&iznku ds fy, lqjf{kr ekus tkus okyh bufØIVsM fof/k mi;ksx fd;k tkrk FkkA MkmuyksM ds fy, vf/kdre 21 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM o miyksM ds fy, vf/kdre 6 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM dh xfr iznku djus okyh bl usVodZ iz.kkyh us *eksckby ,Ii* fuekZ.k dk ekxZ iz'kLr fd;kA bl usVodZ iz.kkyh dk mi;ksx xzaFkky; ,oa lwpuk dsanzksa esa lwpuk lsokvksa gsrq Hkh gksus yxk tks dkQh yksdfiz; gqvkA

4- *4th* usVodZ (4G Network)%

        usVodZ iz.kkyh ds pkSFkh ih<+h dk izfrfuf/kRo djus okys bl 4th rduhd dk mn; 2008 esa gqvk Fkk ftls vkt i;ZaUr ge mi;ksx dj jgsa gSaA Xykscy jksfeax dh fo'ks"krk ls ;qDr bl usVodZ iz.kkyh esa 100 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM ls 1 xhxk ckbV izfr lsdaM rhozrk dh xfr ls MkmuyksfMax o viyksfMax fd;k tk ldrk gSA 3th usVodZ iz.kkyh ds eksckby Qksu esa mi;ksx gksus okys gkMZos;j dh rqyuk esa 4th usVodZ rduhd dk mi;ksx djus okys eksckby Qksu esa tfVy gkMZos;j iz.kkyh dk mi;ksx gksus ds dkj.k bldh 'kq#okrh dher Hkh vf/kd Fkh] lkFk gh blds vk/kkjHkwr lajpukvksa ds fuekZ.k esa usVodZ iznku djus okys daifu;ksa dks vf/kd ykxr gksus ds dkj.k ;g izkjafHkd le; esa bls eagxs lapkj lsok ds #i esa tkuk tkrk FkkA le; o vius fo'ks"krkvksa ds dkj.k vYi le; esa gh ;g vf/kd yksdfiz; gks x;k lkFk gh lLrs nkeksa esa ;g lsok yksxksa rd igqapk;s tkuk yxkA vkt nqfu;k ds cgqr ls ns'kksa esa fo'ks"kdj fodlhr ns'kksa esa bl 4th usVodZ iz.kkyh dk mi;ksx gks jgk gSA bl usVodZ iz.kkyh dh ,d [kkehsa bldk eksckby cSVjh dh vf/kd [kir djuk gSA d`f=e cqf/nerk] pSVckWV rduhd] vkWuykbu fofM;ks dkaÝsflax] osfcukj] vkuykWbu fefVax] DykmM baVjusV izksVksdky] eksckby czkWMcSaM] gkb MsfQfu'ku fofM;ksa dkWfyax vkfn ds fy, nh?kZ dkfyd fodkl (Long Term Evolution) ekud ij vk/kkfjr ;g rduhd dkQh yksdfiz; gSA

fp= % fofHkUu usVodZ i/nfr;ksa dk mn~Hko (Source: https://icrier.org/pdf/2-March-2020/JST.pdf)

5- *5th* usVodZ (5G Network)%

        ;g rkj jfgr usVodZ iz.kkyh dk uohu o ifjof/kZr lsyqyj usVodZ gS] tks usVodZ iz.kkyh ds 5oha ih<+h dk izfrfuf/kRo djrk gSA bls nh?kZ dkfyd fodkl (Long Term Evolution) ds {kerkvksa ls ijs vf/kd 'kfDr'kkyh eksckby izkS|ksfxdh ds fy, cuk;k x;k gSA ;g 4th LisDVªe ds leku gh eksckby rjaxksa ds vko`fr jsat dk mi;ksx djrk gSA ,d 5th dh vko``fr LisDVªe dks rhu Hkkxksa&feyh ehVj rjaxksa] e/; cSaM rFkk fuEu cSaM esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gS] ftlesa feyh ehVj rjaxksa dh xfr lokZf/kd 1&2 xhxk ckbV izfr lsdaM rFkk vko`fr 72 xhxk gVZt rd dh gksrh gSA bl dkj.k mPp Lrj ij MkWVk dk vknku&iznku fd;k tk ldrk gSA 5th usVodZ iz.kkyh dks *ok;jysl oYMZ okbM osc (Wireless World Wide Web) vFkkZr~ eksckby baVjusV dks /;ku esa j[kdj cuk;k x;k gSA fj;y Vkbe ls;fjax fof/k dk mi;ksx gksus ds dkj.k blds lgk;rk ls vYVªk gkbZ MsfQfu'ku fofM;ks dkWfyax fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g usVodZ laof/kZr okLrfod (Augmented Reality) rduhd dk mi;ksx fofM;ks dkWy ds fy, djrk gS] ftlds dkj.k vkeus&lkeus O;o/kku jfgr fofM;ks dkWy ls laEizs"k.k laHko gks ikrk gSA 5th usVodZ dh dk;Ziz.kkyh Hkh 4th usVodZ ds rjg gh rkj jfgr lsy lkbVksa ds }kjk gh lEiUu gksrk gS ftlesa feyh ehVj rjaxksa dh jast 30 xhxk gVZt ls 300 xhxk gVZt rd gks ldrh gS ftlls ;g vf/kd xfr ls lsok,a miyC/k djkus esa l{ke gksrk gSA

3- *5th* usVodZ dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a (Main features of 5G Network)%

vk/kqfud mi;ksxdrkvksa ds usVodZ lacaf/kr yxHkx lHkh vko';drkvksa dks iw.kZ djus esa l{ke bl 5th usVodZ dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a fuEufyf[kr gSa %

1- xfr (Speed)% ;g vR;ar rhoz xfr ls dk;Z djus okyk usVodZ iz.kkyh gS ftldh U;wure rhozrk 100 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM ls 10 xhxk ckbV izfr lsdaM ;k blls Hkh vf/kd gks ldrh gSA ;g xfr fdlh Hkh usVodZ vk/kkfjr dk;Zdykiksa ds lapkyu gsrq ,d vkn'kZ xfr gSA

2- de foyacrk (Low Latency)% ;g fdlh Hkh usVodZ ds fy, foyacrk ls rkRi;Z og le; gS ftlesa Hksth tkus okyh lwpukvksa ds izfrfØ;k izkIr djus esa yxus okyk le; foyacrk dgykrk gSA 5th usVodZ ds fy, MsVk Vªkalfe'ku esa vf/kdre foyac gksus dh laHkkouk 1 feyh lsdaM gS tcdh orZeku esa miyC/k 4th usVodZ esa vf/kdre foyac gksus dh laHkkouk 20 feyh lsdaM gSA

3- vf/kd cSaM fop (Increased Band widch)% 5th usVodZ esa 24 xhxk gVZt ls vf/kdre 100 xhxk gVZt rd dh cSaM fop {kerk gksrh gS tcdh orZeku esa 4th usVodZ dh vf/kdre cSaM fop {kerk 6 xhxk gVZt gSA 5th usVodZ iz.kkyh ijEijkxr usVodZZ iz.kkfy;ksa ls fHkUu gS rFkk blesa cSaM fop dks fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr djds mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ftlls vf/kd cSaM fop xfr izkIr gksrh gSA

4- vf/kd {kerk (Enhance Capacity)% 5th usVodZ dh {kerk vc rd Hkkjr esa miyC/k usVodZ ls dbZ xquk csgrj gksxhA orZeku lapkfyr 4th usVodZ dh vf/kdre xfr 45 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM gS ij Hkkjr esa miyC/k bl usVodZ dh vkSlr xfr 7 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM gh gSA vr% Hkkjr tSls fodkl'khy ns'k ds fy, 5th usVodZ ,d ojnku gS] D;ksafd ;g lqij gkb ÝsDosalh LisDVªe ij dk;Z djrh gS ftlls 4th dh rqyuk esa 20 ls 100 izfr'kr rd dh vf/kd xfr izkIr gksxhA

5- o`gn cgq izos'k cgq ifj.kke (Multiple Input Multiple Output)% 5th usVodZ o`gn cgq izos'k cgq ifj.kke (Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output) tSls vR;k/kqfud rduhdksa dk mi;ksx djrk gS ftlesa usVodZ ds QSyko gsrq ,aVhuk dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ;g ,aVhuk lzksr VªkalehVj rFkk fjlhoj nksuksa ds ikl miyC/k gksrk gS ;s ,aVhuk vk/kkj LVs'ku ls tqM+s gksrs gS tks dh flXuy ÅtkZ ds lapkj.k vkSj fjlsI'ku dks varfj{k ds NksVs&NksVs d.kksa ds #i esa izlkfjr djrs gSa ftlls budh n{krk vkSj vf/kd c<+ tkrh gSA ifj.kke Lo#i ,d lLrh] de fctyh [kir djus okyh] de foyacrk okys rFkk izHkkoh usVodZ dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA

6- miyC/krk ,oa izlkj (Availability and Coverage)% 5th usVodZ dh mi;ksfxrk dks ns[krs gq, yxHkx lHkh fodflr jk"Vª bls 'kq# djus ds gksM esa yxs gq, gSa phu bl nkSM+ esa lcls vkxs gS D;ksafd phu us vius rhu ljdkjh nwjlapkj daifu;ksa ds lgkjs yxHkx 50 ls vf/kd 'kgjksa esa 5th lsokvksa dh 'kq#okr dj nh gS oq>su nqfu;kW dk igyk 'kgj gS tks iw.kZr% 5th ls lapkfyr gksrk gS ;gkW LekVZ ekWy] 5th jsyos LVs'ku] vkSj ,sls lSdM+ksa ;kstukvksa ij dk;Z izkjaHk dj pwdsa gaSA Hkkjr esa 2020&21 iapakx o"kZ esa 5th usVodZ dh fuykeh dh tk ldrh gSA ,d vkdM+sa ds vuqlkj 2023 rd nqfu;kW ds yxHkx 10 izfr'kr ns'kksa esa blds foLrkj dh laHkkouk gSA

4- xzaFkky; lsokvksa esa *5th* usVodZ ds izHkko (Impact of 5G Network in Library Services)

       5th usVodZ dk xzaFkky; lsokvksa esa izHkko dks fuEufyf[kr fcanqvksa ds }kjk le>k tk ldrk gS%

1- xzaFkky; vf/kxzg.k esa (In Library Acquisition):

        vf/kxzg.k esa eq[;r% nks dk;ksZ dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gS ,d [kkst vkSj nqljk laxzgA orZeku le; esa xzaFkky; laxzg esa HkkSfrd izdk'kuksa ds lkFk bysDVªkfud izdk'kuksa dk vf/kxzg.k vfuok;Z dj fn;k x;k gS] fo'ks"kdj 'kS{kf.kd xzaFkky;ksa esaaaA bu izdk'kuksa ds vf/kxzg.k esa xzaFk p;u midj.kksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa izdk'kdksa ds lwphi=] leh{kkvksa] xzaFkky; lwph o ys[kdksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh vkfn dks ek/;e cuk;k tkrk gSA ikB~; lkexzh dgk¡ ls] dSls o fdu eqY;ksa esa izkIr gksxh] bu tkudkfj;ksa dks izkIr djus gsrq ,d lqfu;ksftr MkVk iz.kkyh ds lkFk dEI;wVj usVodZ dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gksrh gS ekStqqnk usVodZ bu dk;kasZ dks lapkfyr djus esa l{ke rks gS ijarq budh xfr bruh /kheh gS fd fdlh cMs+ xzaFkky; ds xzaFkky;h dks ;g dk;Z djus esa cgqr vf/kd le; yxrk gS ;g dk;Z 5th usVodZ dh lgk;rk ls vf/kd QqrhZ ds lkFk fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- xzaFkky; lwphdj.k esa (In Library Cataloguing)%

        xzaFkky;ksa esa lwphdj.k gsrq ijEijkxr fof/k;ksa dk mi;ksx vR;ar tfVy o le; lk/; dk;Z gS] Lopkfyr xzaFkky;ksa esa lwphdj.k gsrq z39.50 izksVksdkWy dk mi;ksx djrk gS tks dh ,d izpfyr varjkZ"Vªh; dEI;wVj ls dEI;wVj lwpuk izkIr djus dk ekud izksVksdkWy gS ftls ewy #i ls jk"Vªh; lwpuk ekud laxBu (National Information Standard Organisation) us vuqeksfnr fd;k gSA bldk mi;ksx vU; izfrf"Br Lopkfyr xzaFkky;ksa ds loZZj ls lacaf/kr xzaFk dh lwphdj.k lacaf/kr lwpuk ekdZ (MARC) QkeZsV esa ,df=r djus gsrq fd;k tkrk gSA bl lEiw.kZ izfØ;k esa usVodZ dk xfr dk cgqr egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gksrh gS D;ksafd ;g gekjs xzaFk ds MkVk ls mu leLr xzaFkky; loZj ds MkVk dk feyku djrk gS ftls geus iwoZ esa fu/kkZfjr fd;k gSA ,d lk/kkj.k xfr ls ;qDr xzaFkky; usVodZ ds fy, ;g cgqr tfVy o le; lk/; dk;Z gS ijarq 5th usVodZ dhU;wure 100 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM ls 10 xhxk ckbV izfr lsdaM dh xfr ls bl dk;Z dks dqN gh lsd.M esa laikfnr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g fof/k HkkSfrd lalk/kuksa o bZ&lalk/kuksa nksuksa ds fy, leku #i ls mi;ksxh gksrh gSA

3- xzaFkky; vkHkklh&lanHkZ lsokvksa esa (In Library Virtual-Reference Service)%

       xzaFkky;ksa ds lanHkZ lsok,a iznku djus dh fof/k;ksa esa vktdy O;kid ifjorZu vk;k gS vc T;knkrj xzaFkky; vius ikBdksa dks vkWuykbu ;k vkHkklh lanHkZ lsok,a vius osclkbVksa ds ek/;e ls miyC/k djk jgsa gSA ,d lkekU; xzaFkky; vius osclkbV esa vDlj iwNs tkus okys iz“uksaÙkj ds #i esa lanHkZ iz'uksa ds mÙkj miyC/k djk jgsa gaS ogha ;g vR;ar rhoz xfr ls lanHkZ iz'uksa ds mRrj iznku djus esa l{ke gSA jk"Vªh; o varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ds xzaFkky; d`f=e cqf/nerk ls ;qDr pSVckWV rduhd dk mi;ksx lfØ; o vkHkklh&lanHkZ lsok miyC/k djkus gsrq dk jgsa gSA bl izdkj ds vkHkklh&lanHkZ lsok fo'ks"kdj Hkk"kk vk/kkfjr pSVckWV (Voice Based Chatbot) ds fy, ,d mPp rhozrk ;qDr usVodZ ds lkFk de foyacrk (Low Latency) okys usVodZ dh vko';rk gksrh gS rkfd ikBdksa dks vfoyac lsok,a miyC/k djk;k tk lds 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx ls ;g dk;ZZ lqxerk ls djk;k tk ldrk gS D;ksafd ;g usVodZ u dsoy mPp rhozrk okys usVodZ miyC/k djkrk gS] cfYd bldh foyac gksus dh laHkkouk 1 feyh lsdaM gS tks cgqr gh de gSA

4- bZ&izys[k forj.k lsokvksa esa (In e-Document Delivery Service)%

        xzaFkky;ksa esa vusd izdkj ds bZ&lalk/kuksa dk laxzg gksrk gS ftlesa fofHkUu izdkj ds MkVk] fp=ksa] xzk¶l] lkj.kh;ksa ds lkFk orZeku le; esa eYVhfefM;k ls ;qDr bZ&lalk/ku ftudh laxzg.k {kerk vf/kd gksrh gS dks bZ&esy ;k vU; ek/;eksa ls  ikBdksa rd igqpkus gsrq orZeku esa miyC/k usVodZ dh xfr de gksus ds dkj.k vf/kd le; yxrk gS ftlls u dsoy xzaFkky; deZpkfj;ksa dh vewY; le; dk uqdlku gksrk gS vfirq ikBdksa dks Hkh ;g bZ&nLrkost foyac ls igqaprk gS vkSj ;fn ikBdksa dh la[;k vf/kd gks rks ;g vkSj vf/kd le; lk/; o mckÅ dk;Z gks tkrk gSA 5th usVodZ dh U;wure 100 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM dh xfr ls Hkh vxj ;gh dk;Z fd;s tk;s rks dqN gh {k.k esa 'kh?kzrkiwoZd ;g dk;Z fd;k tk ldrk gSA

5- xzaFkky; lrZdrk lsok esa (In Library Alert Services):

        xzaFkky; esa fofHkUu izdkj ds Rofjr lwpukvksa ls ikBdksa dks voxr djkus gsrq lrZdrk lsokvksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS blesa y?kq lans'k lsokvksa ;k bZ&esy ds #i esa xzaFk vkgj.k lacaf/kr lwpuk] xzaFk tek lacaf/kr lwpuk] xzaFk okilh lacaf/kr lans'k] foyac 'kqYd dh tkudkjh] bZ&lkjdj.k lacaf/kr tkudkjh] fcfCy;ksxzkQh] vuqØe.khdj.k lsok] uohu xzaFk vkxeu lwpuk] le; lkj.kh] fu;ekoyh lacaf/kr tkudkjh] uksfVl] dk;ZØeksa dh lwpuk] xzaFkky; izfr;ksfxrkvksa dh tkudkjh] xzaFk esyk vkfn dh lwpuk y?kq lans'k ;k bZ&esy ds #i esa ds ek/;e ls ikBdksa dks miyC/k djk;h tkrh gSA 5th usVodZ ds }kjk bu leLr lrZdrk lsokvksa dks rhoz xfr ls ikBdksa rd vfoyac igqpk;k tk ldrk gSA

6- xzaFkky; osc vksisd esa (In Library WebOPAC):

        Lokpkfyr xzaFkky;ksa esa xzaFkksa dh miyC/krk rFkk mudh lacaf/kr xzaFkky; esa fLFkfr tkuus gsrq vksisd (OPAC: Online Public Access Catalogue) ,d l'kDr o izpfyr ek/;e gS ;g eq[;r% nks izdkj ds gksrs gSa] igyk laLFkkxr vksisd (Intranet OPAC) rFkk nqljk oscvksisd (WebOPAC)] laLFkkxr vksisd lacaf/kr laLFkk ds yksdy ,fj;k usVodZ (LAN) ds ek/;e ls laLFkk ds Hkhrj fLFkr o yksdy ,fj;k usVodZ tqMs+ leLr dEI;wVjksa ls xzaFkky; ds xzaFkksa dh tkudkjh miyC/k djkrk gS tcfd osc vksisd ds }kjk baVjusV ls tqMs+ fdlh Hkh dEI;wVj ;k eksckby ls xzaFkksa dh miyC/krk lacaf/kr tkudkjh izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,d mPp xfr ls ;qDr usVodZ ds mi;ksx ls oscvksisd ds dk;Zdq'kyrk esa O;kid izHkko iMrk gS 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx ls vksisd rhoz xfr ls ifj.kke izLrqr djus esa l{ke gks ldrs gSaA

7- xzaFkky; osc&Ldsy fMLdojh lfoZl esa (In Library Web-Scale Discovery Service):

         osc&Ldsy fMLdojh lfoZl vk/kqfud lwpuk [kkst fof/k dk og midj.k gS tks LFkkuh; ;k nwjLFk fLFkr lwpuk lzksr Hk.Mkj ds fo'kky J`a[kyk ls ewy o izklafxd lwpuk lkexzh dks [kkstus esa l{ke gksrk gSA ;g mu leLr izklafxd lwpukvksa ds Øekxr ifj.kke miyC/k djkrk gS tks ikBdksa dks vko”;d gksrk gSA tSls&eqDr lzksr lkW¶Vos;j esa CySdykbV (Blacklight)] Qsl&cSd&vksisd (Fac-back-OPAC)] ykbczsjh QkbaM (Library find)] jSih (Rapi)] lksisd (SOPAC)] rFkk lkaikfrd lkW¶Vos;j esa fcfCy;ksa dkWeu (Biblio Comman)] ,fcLdks (EBESCO)] folqykbtj (Visualizer) vkfn osc&Ldsy fMLdojh lfoZl esa fo"k; oLrq ds lkFk rduhd dk fo'ks"k egRo gksrk gS ftlesa [kkstdrkZ] esVkMsVk ekiu] e/;LFk vuqØef.kdk] fyad lek/kkudrkZ] izklafxd ,Yxksfjne] baVjQsl vkfn rduhdksa dk ,d lkFk mi;ksx gksrk gS rc ikBdksa dks muds [kksts tkus okys lwpukvksa dh izkIrh gksrh gSA ,d mPp xq.kork ;qDr usVodZ bl [kkst izfØ;k dk vR;ar ljy o rhoz xfr ls djus gsrq vko';d gksrk gS 5th usVodZ bl izfØ;k gsrq lokZf/kd mi;qDr  usVodZ iz.kkyh gks ldrk gSA

8- nqjLFk igqap lsok esa (In Remote Access Service):

        xzaFkky;ksa esa laxzfgr bZ&lalk/kuksa rd ikBdksa ds vck/k igqap iznku djus ds mÌs'; ls xzaFkky; usVodZ ij vk/kkfjr nqjLFk igqap lsokvksa tSls& bZth izkDlh (EZproxy)] fjeksV ,Dl ,l (Remote Xs) vkfn lkW¶Vos;jksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSa ftlls ikBdksa dk laLFkk izkax.k ds ckgj Hkh bu bZ&lalk/kuksa rd igqap izkIr gks ldsaA 5th usVodZ vf/kd rhoz xfr ds usVodZ O;oLFkk miyC/k djkus ds dkj.k fdlh Hkh laLFkkxr MsVkcsl ls lacaf/kr lwpuk ikBdksa rd rhozrk ls igqapkus esa l{ke gS lkFk gh cgqr ls egkfo|ky; rFkk fo'ofo|ky; vkWuykbu d{kk lapkyu gsrq vkWuykbu yÉux eSustesaV lkW¶Vos;jksa (Learning Management Softwares) tSls& ewMy (MOODLE), ,V~;wVj (Atutor), MkWdsvks,l (Dokeos), QkekZ ,y,e,l (Forma LMS) vkfn dk mi;ksx d{kk lacaf/kr fØ;k dykiksa] bZ&ikB~; lkefxz;ksa dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd igqapkusa rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls vkWuykbu ifj;kstuk dk;Z (Project Work)] VeZ isilZ (Term Papers)] vfHkgLrkadu dk;Z (Assignment Work) ,df=r djus gsrq budk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS bu tfVy dk;Z ds laiknu gsrq ekStqnk usVodZ dh rqyuk esa 5th usVodZ iz.kkyh vius xfr] {kerk o foHkkftr usVodZ mi;ksx ds dkj.k vf/kd rhozrk ls djus es l{ke gSA

9- xzaFkky; esa d`f=e cqf/nerk ds mi;ksx esa (In use of Artifical Intelligence in Library):

        vk/kqfud xzaFkky;ksa esa d`f=e cqf/nerk vk/kkfjr rduhdksa dk mi;ksx izkjaHk gks pqdk gSA jksckfVd vkeZ (Robotic Arms)] lsYQ jsDVhfQds'ku cqd jsDl (Self Rectification Book Racks)] vkVks jksckfVd lsYQ LdSfuax flLVe (Auto Robotic Shlf Scanning System), Kku vk/kkfjr ,DliVZ flLVe (Knowledge Based Expert System)] izkd`frd Hkk"kk izlaLdj.k (Natural Language Processing), vkokt+ vk/kkfjr pSVckWV iz.kkyh (Voice based Chatbot System) tSls vR;k/kqfud rduhdksa ds lQyrkiwoZd lapkyu gsrq ,d fuckZ/k usVodZ iz.kkyh dk gksuk vfr vko';d gS ,d rhoz usVodZ buds dk;Zdq'kyrk dks c<+kus ds lkFk xyfr;ksa dh laHkkoukvksa dks Hkh 'kqU; dj nsrk gSA 5th usVodZ iz.kkyh fuf'pr gh bu d`f=e cqf/nerk vk/kkfjr rduhdksa ds xzaFkky;ksa esa mi;ksx dks izksRlkfgr djsxhA

10- xzaFkky; ds bZ&laxzg fodkl esa (In Library e-Collection Developemnt):

         laxzg fodkl dks fdlh Hkh xzaFkky; ;k lwpuk dsanz dk vk/kkj LraHk ekuk tkrk gSA orZeku le; esa HkkSfrd o vkHkklh nksuksa rjg ds laxzg fodkl ij tksj fn;k tkrk gSA ,d U;k;laxr o mi;ksxh xzaFkky; ds laxzg fodkl esa lkexzh p;u] vf/kxzg.k gsrq vkWuykbu xzaFkky;ksa dh lwph voyksdu] m/ngj.k MsVkcsl dk fo'ys"k.k] izdk'kdksa ds vkWuykbu lwfp;ksa dk voyksdu tSls tfVy izfØ;kvksa ls xqtjuk gksrk gSA orZeku esa xzaFkky; ijEijkxr fof/k;ksa ds LFkku ij vkWuykbu fof/k;ksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSa] ,d mPp xfr ls ;qDr usVodZ iz.kkyh ds mi;ksx ls bu tfVy izfØ;kvksa vklkuh ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA

11- xzaFkky; foLrkj lsok esa (In Library Extension Service):

        xzaFkky; foi.ku rFkk xzaFkky; foLrkj lsok gsrq lks'ky fefM;k usVodZ IysVQkeksZa tSls& ;w&V~;wc pSuy] Qslcqd] fV~oVj vdkm.V dk mi;ksx xzaFkky; vius oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa ls lacaf/kr tkudkfj;k¡ ikBdksa dks rd igqpkus gsrq fd;k tkrk gSA bu lks'ky fefM;k pSuyksa ds lkFk bZ&lsok,a tSls& bZ&U;wt ysVj] bZ&if=dk] fcfCy;ksxzkQh MsVkcsl lfoZl vkfn dks ikBdksa rd igqapkus gsrq 5th usVodZ iz.kkyh cgqr mi;ksxh gks ldrh gS fo'ks"kdj ;w&V~;wc pSuy tSls vkWuVkbe LVªhfeax IysVQkeZ esa usVodZ xfr egRoiw.kZ gksrh gS 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx ls xzaFkky;ksa dks bu dk;ksZa ds laiknu esa cgqr vf/kd ykHk gksxk lkFk gh xzaFkky; laLFkkxr usVodZ ikBdksa dk iznku djus gsrq usVodZ Lohp ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu dEI;qVjksa rd igqapk;k tkrk gS ;k okbZ&QkbZ lqfo/kk iznku djrs gSa ekStqnk usVodZ bu nksuksa gh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa T;knk dEI;qVjksa ;k eksckbyksa ds ,d lkFk xzaFkky; usVodZ ds tqM+us ls usVodZ dk /khek gksuk vke ckr gS 5th usVodZ esa 24 xhxk gVZt ls vf/kdre 100 xhxk gVZt rd dh cSaM fop {kerk gksrh gS] tks bu fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh rhoz usVodZ lqfo/kk iznku djus esa l{ke gSA

12- xzaFkky; eqDr lzksr lkW¶Vos;jksa ds izksRlkgu esa (In Promotion of Library Open Source Softwares):

        xzaFkky; ,oa lwpuk dsanzksa esa eqDr lzksr lkW¶Vos;jksa dk mi;ksx orZeku le; esa cgqr izpfyr gS Hkkjr tSls fodkl'khy jk"Vªksa ds fy, ;g fdlh ojnku ls de ugha gS xzaFkky; esa mi;ksx gksus okys eqDr lzksr izca/ku lkW¶Vos;j  tSls& dksgk (Koha)] ,ojxzhu (Evergreen)] U;wtsufyc (New Genlib)] ,chlhMh lkW¶Vos;j (ABCD Software)] vksiu fcfCy;ksa (Open Biblio) vkfnA eqDr lzksr fMftVkbts'ku lkW¶Vos;j tSls& Mh&Lisl (Dspace)] xzhuLVksu (Greenstone) vkfnA yÉux eSustesaV lkW¶Vos;j (Learning Management Softwares) tSls& ewMy (MOODLE), ,V~;wVj (Atutor), MkWdsvks,l (Dokeos), QkekZ ,y,e,l (Forma LMS) vkfn rFkk daVsaV eSustesaV flLVe tSls& nzqiy (Drupal)] tweyk (Joomla)] foDl lkbV (Wix Site)] oMZizsl (Wordpress) vkfn dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bu eqDr lzksr lkW¶Vos;j ds baLVkys'ku gsrq fo'ks"kKksa }kjk usVodZ vk/kkfjr baLVkys'ku fof/k mi;ksx djus dh lykg fn;k tkrk gS ftlls Hkfo"; esa bu lkW¶Vos;jksa dks v|ru fd;k tk ldsa ijUrq usVodZ vk/kkfjr baLVkys'ku fof/k esa ,sls usVodZ dh vko';drk gksrh gS tks iwjh baLVkys'ku izfØ;k esa rhoz o fuckZ/k gks rkafd baLVkys'ku ds nkSjku MkmuyksM gksus okys lSdMksa Qkbyksa dks vklkuh ls lzksr Qkbyksa ls MkmuyksM fd;k tk ldsaA 5th usVodZ dh visf{kr xfr U;wure 100 esxk ckbV izfr lsdaM ls 10 xhxk ckbV izfr lsdaM ls bu dk;ksZa dks feuVksa esa lEiUu djk;k tk ldrk gSA

5- xzaFkky; esa 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx ds ykHk (Benefits of 5G Network used in Libraries)

xzaFkky; vkSj lwpuk dsanzksa esa 5th usVodZ mi;ksx ds fuEufyf[kr ykHk gSa %

1- xzaFkky; bZ&lalk/kuksa ds izlkj gsrq ;g usVodZ l{ke gSA

2- vkHkklh o bysDVªkfud lalk/kuksa ds lxzg fodkl esa lgk;d gSA

3- xzaFkky; bZ&lsok ds lapkyu esa 5th usVodZ mi;ksxh gSA

4- xazFkky; ds HkkSfrd o vkHkklh ikB~; oLrqvksa ds vf/kxzg.k fy, ;g rhoz usVodZ gSA

5- 'kks/k dk;Z gsrq ;g ,d rhoz o mi;ksxh usVodZ lk/ku miyC/k djkrk gSA

6- lwpukvksa ds lapkj esa lgk;rk djrk gSA

7- Lokpkfyr xzaFkky;ksa esa lwphdj.k gsrq z39.50 izksVksdkWy dk mi;ksx dk izksRlkfgr djrk gS tks lwphdj.k lacaf/kr lwpuk ekdZ (MARC) QkeZsV esa ,df=r djus gsrq mi;ksxh gSA

8- xzaFkky; deZpkfj;ksa rFkk ikBdksa ds vewY; le; dh cpr djrk gSA

9- xzaFkky; usVodZ izlkj esa lgk;rk djrk gSA

10- xzaFkky; ds lks'ky usVoÉdx lkbVksZ (Social Networking sites) tSls& ;w&V~;wc pSuy] Qslcqd] fV~oVj vdkmUV ls ikBdksa dks tksM+us gsrq ,d rhoz usVodZ miyC/k djkrk gSA

11- xzaFkky; foi.ku lsok rFkk xzaFkky; foLrkj lsok esa rhozrk ykrk gSA

12- xzaFkky; ds izHkkoh bZ&lapkj lsok esa lgk;rk djrk gSA

13- lkfgfR;d pksjh rFkk dkWihjkbV ds mYya?ku dks jksdus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA

14- xazFkky; Lopkyu rFkk fMftVkbts'ku esa lgk;rk djrk gSA

15- osc Ldsy fMLdojh lfoZl gsrq rhoz usVodZ miyC/k djkrk gSA

16- xazFkky;ksa esa d`f=e cqf/nerk o eqDr lzksr lkW¶Vos;j ds mi;ksx dk izksRlkfgr djrk gSA

17- xzaFkky; fuxjkuh vkSj fu;a=.k gsrq 5th ds #i esa fLFkj o izHkkoh usVodZ miyC/k gks tk;sxkA

18- eksckby Qksu ds lsokvksa o dk;Z{kerkvksa esa o`f/n gks tk;sxh ftlls osclkbV o osc vk/kkfjr midj.k vf/kd rsth ls dk;Z djsaxsaA

6- xzaFkky; esa 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx dh lhek,a (Limitations of 5G Network used in Libraries)

vk/kqfud xzaFkky;ksa esa 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx dh fuEufyf[kr lhek,a gSa %

1- izkjafHkd voLFkk esa ;g ,d egaxh usVodZ gks ldrh gS D;ksafd buesa iz;qDr gksus okys midj.k egaxs gksrs gSaA

2- feyhehVj rjaxksa ds mi;ksx gksus ds dkj.k ;g o"kkZ o ekSle ifjorZu ls izHkkfor gks ldrk gSA

3- futrk dh leL;k o MkVk lqj{kk lacaf/kr eqnnksa ij vHkh Hkh dk;Z tkjh gSA

4- orZeku le; esa phu dh gqobZ daiuh fofHkUu ns'kksa dks 5th usVodZ lqfo/kk iznku dj jgh gS] ftl ij tklqlh dk vkjksi gSA

5- izd`fr ij bl usVodZ ds yacs le; rd mi;ksx ls gksus okys uqdlku dk v/;;u vHkh ckafd gSA

7- milagkj (Conclusion)

        rduhdh ds bl cnyrs nkSj esa xazFkky; ds Lo#i o lsokvksa esa O;kid ifjorZu vk;k gSA vkt xzaFkky; xzaFkksa dk laxzg LFky ek= ugha cfYd lh[kus dk fØ;k'khy LFkku cu x;k gSA xazFkky; ds fØ;kdykiksa rFkk lsokvksa esa izR;{k o vizR;{k #i ls usVodZ iz.kkyh dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gksrk gSA ,d izHkkoh o rhoz xfr dk usVodZ fUkf'pr gh xzaFkky; ds dk;ksZa dks vklku dj nsrk gSA xzaFkky;h o xzaFkky; deZpkfj;ksa }kjk FkksMs+ ls izf'k{k.k o KkuktZu dj 5th usVodZ ds mi;ksx ls  xazFkky; ds fØ;kdykiksa rFkk lsokvksa esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu tk;k tk ldrk gSA 5th usVodZ iz.kkyh vkfFkZd leL;kvksa ls tq> jgsas mu xzaFkky;ksa ds fy, ,d ubZ vk'kk dh fdj.k lkfcr gks ldrh gS tks vkt i;ZUr foÙk ds vHkko esa xzaFkky; ds Lokpkyu o fMftVkbts'ku ls oafpr gSaA ;g usVodZ orZeku le; ds ekax vuq#i xzaFkky;ksa ds fMftVkbts'ku] bZ&lalk/kuksa ds fodkl o vkHkklh xzaFkky; lsok ds lkFk xzaFkky;ksa esa eqDr lzksr lkW¶Vos;j ds mi;ksx dks izksRlkfgr djrk gSA xzaFkky;ksa ds fy, ;g ,d lqugjk volj gS og ikBd leqnk; ds usr`Ro esa vfxze Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrk gS ;fn xzaFkky; mHkjrh gqbZ izkS|ksfxdh izo`fÙk;ksa ds ckjs esa le>rs gS rks mudk mi;ksx LFkkuh; #i esa dSls djuk gS ;g Hkh le>k tk ldrk gSA ;|fi 5th dks vkus esa FkksM+k le; yxsxk ijarq Hkkoh thou esa bldk mi;ksx gksrs ns[kuk cgqr gh vkuan nk;d gksxkA

xzUFklwph (Bibliography)

1.     nqfu;k gh cny nsxk 5th] Hkkjr esa Hkh tkjh gS rS;kjh] laikndh; uoHkkjr fnukad 04 uoacj 2019

2. https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/what-is-5g/ [Accessed on 08 April 2020]

3.     https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/robot-librarian-locates-haphazardly-placed-books-180959381/ [Accessed on 08 April 2020]

4.     https://www.commscope.com/globalassets/digizuite/2491-fast-forward-to-the-future-with-5g-networks-br-110668-en.pdf?r=1 [Accessed on 08 April 2020]