ljxqtk ftys esa vkfFZkd dkjd ,oa xzkeh.k f’k’kq eR;Zrk
% ,d HkkSxksfyd fo’ys"k.k
(ECONOMIC FACTOR AND RURAL INFANT
MORTALITY IN SURGUJA DISTRICT: A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS)
1MkW- fVds flag] 2çks-
¼Jherh½ ,- c?ksy]
1lgk;d çk/;kid] 2çk/;kid] Hkwxksy v/;;u”kkyk]
ia- jfo”kadj 'kqDy fo”ofo|ky;] jk;iqj
'kks/k lkjka”k
çLrqr v/;;u ljxqtk ftys esa xzkeh.k f'k'kq eR;Zrk
ls lacaf/kr gSA çLrqr v/;;u dk mn~ns'; ljxqtk ftys esa xzkeh.k tula[;k esa f'k'kq eR;Zrk dh fLFkfr dk vkdyu ,oa
mldks çHkkfor djus okys vkfFkZd dkjdksa dk fo'ys’k.k djuk gSA çLrqr v/;;u
izkFkfed vk¡dM+ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA bl gsrq nks çdkj dh vuqlwph dk mi;ksx fd;k
x;k gSA çFke ikfjokfjd vkSj f}rh; O;fDrxr vuqlwphA v/;;u gsrq ftys ls çfrp;u
;kn`fPNd fof/k ds }kjk 38 xzkeksa dh 2691 fookfgr efgykvksa ls lwpuk ,d= fd;k
x;k] ftUgksaus losZ{k.k o"kZ ds vUnj f'k'kq dks tUe fn;k gks vFkok ftudh
,d o"kZ ls de mez ds f'k'kq dh e`R;q vFkok e`r tUe gqvkA bu efgykvksa ls f'k'kqq e`R;q rFkk izHkkfor djus okys
vkfFkZd dkjdksa ls laca/kh lwpuk ,d= fd;k x;k gSA ftys esa f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj
71-3 çfr gtkj gSA ftys esa f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj ckydksa esa 72-0 çfr gtkj rFkk
ckfydkvksa esa 65-4 çfr gtkj gSA ifjtUe eR;Zrk nj 22-3 çfr gtkj] uotkr eR;Zrk
nj 33-9 çfr gtkj rFkk uotkrksRrj eR;Zrk nj 37-4 çfr gtkj gSA çLrqr 'kks/k i= esa
vkfFkZd dkjd ds varxZr ekrk&firk dk O;olk;] tksr dk vkdkj ,oa ikfjokfjd vk;
'kkfey gSA Hkwfeghu ifjokjksa esa f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj lcls vf/kd 83-3 izfr gtkj
gSA y?kq ,oa lhekar d`"kd ifjokjksa esa f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj 72-8 izfr gtkj]
v)Z e/;e d`"kd ifjokj esa 64-1 izfr gtkj] e/;e d`"kd ifjokjksa esa
53-4 izfr gtkj vkSj o`gn~ d`"kd ifjokj esa lcls de 47-6 izfr gtkj gSA
f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj vU; Jfed ¼92-2 izfr gtkj½] d`f"k Jfed ¼81-9 izfr gtkj½
vkSj d`"kdksa ¼57-0 izfr gtkj½ ls vf/kd gSA f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj O;kikj vkSj x`g
m|ksx esa layXu ifr esa Øe'k% 25-3 izfr gtkj vkSj 19-2 izfr gtkj gSA 'kkldh;
lsok esa layXu ifr esa f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj ¼11-5 izfr gtkj½ lcls de gSA vk; esa
o`f) ds lkFk f'k'kq eR;Zrk nj esa Øe'k% deh gqbZ gSA vr% vkfFkZd dkjd f'k'kq
eR;Zrk nj dks çHkkfor djus okyk çeq[k dkjd gSA
'kCn la{ksfidk % eR;Zrk] ifjtUe] uotkr] uotkŸkksrj
(
çLrkouk
f’k’kq e`R;q nj ,d ,slk ladsrd gS tks fdlh lekt]
ns’k ;k {ks= dh lkekftd&vkfFkZd n’kk dks bafxr djrk gSA fdlh {ks= dh
tula[;k ifjorZu ds izeq[k ?kVdksa esa iztuurk] eR;Zrk rFkk izokl dk LFkku
egRoiw.kZ gSA eR;Zrk tula[;k o`f) dk ,d vk/kkjHkwr ?kVd gSA eR;Zrk ds fu/kkZjd
rRo ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij ifjorZu’khy gSA eR;Zrk dh U;wurk tula[;k fodkl
dk loksZRre lwpd gksrk gSA fdlh {ks= ds eR;Zrk ds fu/kkZj.k esa vk;q lajpuk
lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ tukafddh; dkjd gSA ;|fi f’k’kq ,oa o`) esa vk;q fof’k"V
eR;Zrk nj mPp gksrh gS] rFkkfi eR;Zrk ds fu/kkZj.k esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk egRoiw.kZ
LFkku j[krk gSA f’k’kq eR;Zrk fdlh {ks= ds fodkl dk ,d laosnu’khy Lkwpd gSA
fdlh Hkh {ks= esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk ds tuukafddh; egRo rFkk blds vusd
lkekftd&vkfFkZd izHkkoksa ds QyLo:i Hkwxksyfon~ blds forj.k izfr:i esa
vR;kf/kd :fp ysrs gaSA fo’ks"kdj fpfdRlk Hkwxksy esa eR;Zrk dk HkkSxksfyd
v/;;u vR;ar egRoiw.kZ fl) gqvk gSA
tula[;k Hkwxksy esa eR;Zrk ds v/;;u dk
fo’ks"k egRo gS] D;ksafd ;g tula[;k ifjoRkZu dk ,d vk/kkjHkwr dkjd gS vkSj
blls vk;q rFkk fyax lajpuk esa gksus okys dkfyd ifjorZuksa dh tkudkjh izkIr
gksrh gSA e`R;q ds dkj.kksa dh tkudkjh ds vk/kkj ij LokLF; rFkk fpfdRlk
n’kkvksa dk Hkh Kku izkIr gks ldrk gSA vkt vusd fodkl’khy ns’kksa esa fpfdRlk
lqfo/kkvksa esa o`f) ds QyLo:i e`R;q nj esa gzkl gks jgk gSA tUe nj esa gqbZ
deh dh rqyuk esa e`R;q nj esa vf/kd deh ns[kh tk jgh gSA uxjh; {ks=ksa esa ;g
lQyrk fo’ks"kdj mYys[kuh; gSA fdUrq lkekU; LokLF; esa fo’ks"k lq/kkj
ugha gqvk gSA fodflr ns’kksa dh rqyuk esa fodkl’khy ns’kksa esa u dsoy e`R;q nj
vf/kd gS] cfYd thou izR;k’kk Hkh de gSA
vk;q ds vuqlkj e`R;q nj esa varj ik;k tkrk gSA
fHkUu&fHkUu dkj.kksa ls de vk;q oxZ esa e`R;q nj vf/kd gksrh gS rFkk mlds
ckn e`R;q dk ncko ?kVus yxrk gSA f’k’kq eR;Zrk nj fdlh leqnk; dh LokLF;
n’kkvksa dk ,d mi;ksxh ,oa fo’oluh; lwpd gSA Hkkjr esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk nj
vlk/kkj.k :i ls vf/kd gS ¼50 izfr gtkj] tux.kuk] 2011½A NRrhlx<+ esa gj lky
,d gtkj cPpksa esa ls 55 cPps viuk igyk tUefnu ugha euk ikrs gSa] tcfd 122-7
Qhlnh cPps ik¡pok lky iwjk fd, cxSj dky ds xky esa lek tkrs gSA eR;Zrk dks
izHkkfor djus okys dkjdksa dks nks oxksZa esa j[kk tk ldrk gS & izFke tSo
vkSj f}rh; i;kZoj.kh;A f’k’kq eR;Zrk nj esa vR;kf/kd fofHkUurk n`f"Vxr
gksrh gSA fodkflr ns’kksa esa ;g vR;Yi ¼8 izfr gtkj½ vkSj fodkl’khy ns’kksa esa
vfr mPp ¼62 izfr gtkj½ gSA e`R;q vusd tfVyrkvksa ,oa varZlacaf/kr dkj.kksa dk
izfrQy gSA xqIr ,oa c?ksy ¼1999½ us jk;iqj uxj ,oa dydRrk egkuxj ds xanh
cfLr;ksa esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk esa fHkUurk ds fy, okrkoj.kh; dkjkdksa dks mRrjnk;h
ekuk gSA vf/kd f’k’kq e`R;q nj ds dkj.k Hkkjrh; turk ifjokj fu;kstu ds LFkk;h
mik; viukus ls Mjrs gSA Hkkjr esa tula[;k dh vf’k{kk] :f<+okfnrk ,oa
va/kfo’oklksa us Hkkjrh;ksa ds LokLF; lqfo/kkvksa dks detksj cuk fn;k gSA Hkkjr
esa fpfdRlk vkSj tu LokLF; lqfo/kvkksa dh deh gSA miyC/k lqfo/kk,¡ lekU; turk
ds igq¡p ls cgqr nwj gSA Hkkjr ds xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa budh cgqr deh gSA Hkkjr
esa e`R;q laca/kh lwpukvksa ,oa vk¡dM+ksas dh 'kq)rk dh Lrj lkspuh; gSA eR;Zrk
vk¡dM+ksa dk ladyu tUe&e`R;q iathdj.k ¼Vital Statistics½ i)fr }kjk gksrk gSA
iathdj.k i)fr vR;kf/kd nks’kiw.kZ gS] ftlesa vf/kdka’k e`R;q dh lwpuk,¡
viathd`r gh jg tkrh gSA iathd`r lwpuk,¡ Hkh viw.kZ gksrh gSA thou dk izFke
o"kZ thou lkj.kh dks izHkkfor djus okyk lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ o"kZ gksrk
gSA ftlesa e`R;q dh la[;k vk;q ds fdlh Hkh vU; oxZ ¼mPp vk;q oxZ ds vfrfjDr½ dh
rqyuk esa vf/kd ikbZ tkrh gSA f’k’kq e`R;q dh la[;k vf/kd gksus ij dqy e`R;q
la[;k esa bldk mPp vuqikr gksrk gSA tks lekt ds fiNM+siu] dqiks"k.k]
fpfdRlk lqfo/kkvksa dh deh] vkfn dk lwpd gksrk gSA fdlh ns’k esa U;wu f’k’kq
e`R;q nj dks lekkU; mPp thou Lrj] vPNs tu&LokLF;] fpfdRlk lqfo/kkvksa dh
miyfC/k] vkfn dk izrhd le>k tkrk gSA f’k’kq e`R;q nj de gksus ij cPpksa ds
thfor jgus dh laHkkouk vf/kd gksrh gS vkSj ekrk&firk vf/kd larku ugha pkgrs
gSA ftlls iztuu nj de jgrh gSA blds foijhr tgka¡ f’k’kq e`R;q nj mPp gksrh gS
ogk¡ cPpksa ds thfor jgus dh laHkkouk de gksrh gS] ftldk izHkko mPp iztuurk ds
:i esa izdV gksrk gSA
v/;;u ds mn~ns’;
çLrqr v/;;u dk mn~ns'; ljxqtk ftys ds xzkeh.k
tula[;k esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk ds fLFkfr dk vkdyu ,oa xzkeh.k] vkfFkZd dkjd dk f’k’kq
eR;Zrk ij çHkko dh O;k[;k djuk gSA
vk¡dM+ksa ds Lkzksr ,oa
fof/kra=
çLrqr v/;;u izkFkfed vk¡dM+ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA bl
v/;;u gsrq ftys ds 19 fodkl[k.Mksa esa ls izR;sd ls nks xk¡o dk izfrp;u
;kn`fPNd fof/k ¼Random Smpling½ }kjk fd;k x;k gSA
xk¡oksa ds dsoy 2691 mUgha efgykvksa ls lwpuk ,d= dh xbZ gS ftUgksaus xr 5
o"kZ esa fdlh f’k’kq dks tUe fn;k gS vFkok ftudh f’k’kq dh e`R;q gqbZ gSA
bu efgykvksa ls f’k’kq e`R;q rFkk izHkkfor djus okys vkfFkZd dkjd& tksr dk
vkdkj] ekrk dk O;olk; vkSj firk dk O;olk; laca/kh lwpuk ,d= fd;k x;k gSA
vk¡dM+ksa ds ladyu ds fy, nks izdkj dh vuqlwph dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA izFke
ikfjokfjd ,oa f}rh; O;fDrxrA blds lkFk gh xzkeh.k tu lqfo/kkvksa ds laca/k esa
tkudkjh xk¡o ds izeq[k ls xzkeh.k vuqlwph ds ek/;e ls izkIr fd;k x;k gSA
v/;;u {ks=
ljxqtk
ftyk NRrhlx<+ izns'k ds mRrj esa 22037^22^^ ls 24016^17^^ mRrjh v{kka'k rFkk 82035^ ls 84051^
iwohZ ns'kkarj ds e/; fLFkr gSA bldk dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks=Qy 15731 oxZ fd-eh- gSA
2001 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj izns'k dh dqy tula[;k 1972094 gSA 1991&2001 ds
e/; ljxqtk ftys dh tula[;k esa 24-6 izfr'kr o`f) gqbZ gSA ftys esa izfr gtkj
iq:"kksa ds ihNs fL=;ksa dh la[;k 972 gSA ftys dh 54-8 izfr'kr tula[;k
lk{kj gSA ftys dks 5 vuqfoHkkxksa] 9 rglhyksa ,oa 19 fodkl[k.Mksa esa foHkkftr
fd;k x;k gSA ftys dh 7 izfr'kr tula[;k uxjksa esa fuokl djrh gSA vafcdkiqj uxj
ftys dk iz'kklfud dsUnz gSA losZf{kr 2520 ifjokjksa dh dqy tula[;k 15571 gSA
blesa 1010 ¼6-5 izfr'kr½ vuqlwfpr tkfr vkSj 9837 ¼63-2 izfr'kr½ vuqlwfpr tutkfr
tula[;k gSA
f”k”kq eR;Zrk nj
f’k’kq e`R;qnj dk laca/k vk;q ds izFke o"kZ
esa gksus okyh f’k’kq e`R;q ls gSA ;g fdlh o"kZ esa ,d o"kZ ls de
vk;q okys f’k’kqvksa dh e`R;q la[;k vkSj mlh o"kZ esa tUe ysus okys dqy
thfor f’k’kqvksa dh la[;k ds vuqikr dks izfnf'kZr djrk gSA ftls çfr gtkj esa
O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA
fdlh o"kZ esa
,d o"kZ ls de vk;q ds f'k'kqvksa dh e`r la[;k
|
mlh o"kZ esa
ltho thfor tUeksa dh dqy la[;k
|
ljxqtk
ftys esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk nj 71-3 izfr gtkj gS] tks laiw.kZ Hkkjr ¼50-0 izfr gtkj½
,oa NRrhlx<+ ¼55-0 izfr gtkj] tux.kuk] 2011½ ls dkQh vf/kd gSA ftys esa
ckfydkvksa ls ckydksa esa f’k’kq eR;Zrk nj vf/kd gSA f’k’kq eR;Zrk nj ckydksa
esa 72-0 izfr gtkj rFkk ckfydkvksa esa 65-4 izfr gtkj gSA
lkj.kh 1
|
ljxqtk ftyk : fodkl[kaMokj eR;Zrk nj esa fyax fHkUurk
|
vfEcdkiqj
|
fyax
|
thfor tUe
|
izkjafHkd uotkr eR;Zrk
|
uotkr eR;Zrk
|
uotkrksRrj eR;Zrk
|
eR;Zrk nj
/izfr gtkj
|
la[;k
|
nj
|
la[;k
|
nj
|
la[;k
|
nj
|
la[;k
|
nj
|
ckyd
|
110
|
2
|
18.2
|
5
|
45.5
|
5
|
45.5
|
10
|
90.9
|
ckfydk
|
96
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
dqy
|
206
|
2
|
9.7
|
5
|
24.3
|
5
|
24.3
|
10
|
48.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mn;iqj
|
ckyd
|
157
|
13
|
82.8
|
17
|
108.3
|
10
|
63.7
|
27
|
172.0
|
ckfydk
|
166
|
12
|
72.3
|
15
|
90.4
|
21
|
126.5
|
36
|
216.9
|
dqy
|
323
|
25
|
77.4
|
32
|
99.1
|
31
|
96.0
|
63
|
195.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
crkSyh
|
ckyd
|
61
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
5
|
82.0
|
5
|
82.0
|
ckfydk
|
99
|
2
|
20.2
|
3
|
30.3
|
10
|
101.0
|
13
|
131.3
|
dqy
|
160
|
2
|
12.5
|
3
|
18.8
|
15
|
93.8
|
18
|
112.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lqjtiqj
|
ckyd
|
77
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
3
|
39.0
|
3
|
39.0
|
ckfydk
|
77
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
2
|
26.0
|
2
|
26.0
|
dqy
|
154
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
5
|
32.5
|
5
|
32.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jkekuqtuxj
|
ckyd
|
199
|
2
|
10.1
|
5
|
25.1
|
10
|
50.3
|
15
|
75.4
|
ckfydk
|
188
|
5
|
26.6
|
12
|
63.8
|
5
|
26.6
|
17
|
90.4
|
dqy
|
387
|
7
|
18.1
|
17
|
43.9
|
15
|
38.8
|
32
|
82.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
iszeuxj
|
|
ckyd
|
151
|
7
|
46.4
|
10
|
66.2
|
12
|
79.5
|
22
|
145.7
|
ckfydk
|
158
|
3
|
19.0
|
7
|
44.3
|
2
|
12.7
|
9
|
57.0
|
dqy
|
309
|
10
|
32.4
|
17
|
55.0
|
14
|
45.3
|
31
|
100.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vksMxh
|
ckyd
|
49
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
ckfydk
|
42
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
dqy
|
91
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HkS;kFkku
|
ckyd
|
117
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
5
|
42.7
|
5
|
42.7
|
ckfydk
|
119
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
2
|
16.8
|
2
|
16.8
|
dqy
|
236
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
7
|
29.7
|
7
|
29.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lhrkiqj
|
ckyd
|
221
|
10
|
45.2
|
12
|
54.3
|
5
|
22.6
|
17
|
76.9
|
ckfydk
|
166
|
5
|
30.1
|
5
|
30.1
|
10
|
60.2
|
15
|
90.4
|
dqy
|
387
|
15
|
38.8
|
17
|
43.9
|
15
|
38.8
|
32
|
82.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eSuikV
|
ckyd
|
115
|
3
|
26.1
|
7
|
60.9
|
7
|
60.9
|
14
|
121.7
|
ckfydk
|
97
|
2
|
20.6
|
5
|
51.5
|
2
|
20.6
|
7
|
72.2
|
dqy
|
212
|
5
|
23.6
|
12
|
56.6
|
9
|
42.5
|
21
|
99.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
y[kuiqj
|
ckyd
|
83
|
5
|
60.2
|
7
|
84.3
|
5
|
60.2
|
12
|
144.6
|
ckfydk
|
103
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
dqy
|
186
|
5
|
26.9
|
7
|
37.6
|
5
|
26.9
|
12
|
64.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
yq.Mªk
|
ckyd
|
65
|
3
|
46.2
|
3
|
46.2
|
0
|
0.0
|
3
|
46.2
|
ckfydk
|
69
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
dqy
|
134
|
3
|
22.4
|
3
|
22.4
|
0
|
0.0
|
3
|
22.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
izrkiiqj
|
ckyd
|
73
|
3
|
41.1
|
3
|
41.1
|
0
|
0.0
|
3
|
41.1
|
ckfydk
|
65
|
2
|
30.8
|
3
|
46.2
|
0
|
0.0
|
3
|
46.2
|
dqy
|
138
|
5
|
36.2
|
6
|
43.5
|
0
|
0.0
|
6
|
43.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
'kadjx<
|
ckyd
|
59
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
ckfydk
|
43
|
2
|
46.5
|
2
|
46.5
|
5
|
116.3
|
7
|
162.8
|
dqy
|
102
|
2
|
19.6
|
2
|
19.6
|
5
|
49.0
|
7
|
68.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
dqleh
|
ckyd
|
97
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
2
|
20.6
|
2
|
20.6
|
ckfydk
|
105
|
0
|
0.0
|
0
|
0.0
|
5
|
47.6
|
5
|
47.6
|
dqy
|
202
|
|