Woking Mother and Their Children: A sociological Study

(With special reference to college professor and Nurses of Raipur city)

Dr. Lukeshwar Singh Gajpal¹ (Associate Professor) & Dr. Geetanjali Patel² (Research Scholar)

School of Studies in Sociology

Pt. Ravishankar Shukla Universit, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) India, 492010

Email- gajpal14@gmail.com

Abstract:

Key Words:  Working Women, Impact on Children.

Objectives of the study:

1.                  To study the socio-cultural background of the respondents.

2.                  To study the impact of children among professors and nurses of Raipur city.

Hypothesis:

1.                  There is a significant co-relation between nature of job and family adjustment among professors and nurses.

Research Methodology:

Study area: For present study the Raipur city which is the capital of Chhattisgarh state has been selected as study area..

The Sample: For this study 136 Nurses of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Hospital of Raipur City and 66 College professors of Raipur city were purposively selected as respondent.

            Tools of data collection: For the collection of primary data interview- schedule adopted as a tool and group discussion, observation technique has been also adopted for the collection of data.

Result and Analysis:

Social-cultural background;

The social cultural background of a person is the base of the making of his personality. Through which only his thoughts, nature and point of view can be understood in a right way.”¹ majority among the respondents are highly educated. In the matter of age group of the respondents it was found that majority of the respondents were in the age group of 25 to 35 years. Similarly with regard to the belonging category of the respondents it was known that majority of the working women are from other backward caste. Information regarding religion 94% of the respondents is Hindus. As far as the marital status of the respondents is concerned it was found that majority of them were married only 8 % respondents were unmarried. It was found that most of the respondents earn more than 30 thousand as monthly income; most of the respondents are Hindi speaking.

Information related to monthly income of the respondents families that monthly income of most 38.1 percent families of respondents is more than 50 thousand rupees, the monthly income of 25.7 percent families of respondents is 31-40 thousand rupees,  in this way the monthly income of 21.3 percent families of respondents is 41-50 thousand rupees, the monthly income of 11 percent families of respondents is 21-30 thousand rupees and the monthly income of  3.9 percent families of respondents is up to 20 thousand rupees. It is known from collected data that most 51 percent families of respondents are of middle size (up to 4-6 members) and Most of the (86.1 percent) respondents are belonging Nuclear family.

Finding sufficient time by the working women for the children:-

            In ability give sufficient time to children is an important reason to increase volume of role-conflict in working women. Because in many occasions due to vastness of work or self problems the working women cannot able to give time to the children as per their requirement. As a result due to family pressure and in ability to do this, the state of conflict is created by the confusion developed inside.

            Studies have been conducted regarding concept related to taking care of children by working women, in-ability to give time to them, by different sociologist in which Pramila Kapoor (1974), Paitrisiya Wandraff (1988), Subhash Chandra Gupta (2004), Sachdeva Janak (1974) etc. have done that. They have clarified that small children are more in need of a mother. But very few working women can give sufficient time to their children.

            In socialisation of children family is defined as the first school and the mother as the first teacher. It is clear that the role of a mother is important in socialisation. Especially when children are small they have more need of mother, because now-a-days the speed at which the changes are taking place in Indian society, it is definitely a challenge for social scientist , because we see that adult children today are not only expert in mobile and internet but also are doing such works through it, for which the parents also have to be embarrassed, in such a state the responsibility of guardian becomes more that they should watch all movements of their children and inspire them to move ahead in a moral way.

            It is tried to know from such women professors and nurses of the study group who have children and from whom there is need of taking care as a mother, whether they could give sufficient time to their children or not? It is clarified in below table:-

Table No.1

Finding sufficient time by the working women for the children

             It is clear from above analysis that 63.4 percent respondents can find sufficient time for the children and 35.7 percent respondents cannot find sufficient time for children. it is known that in case of professors 83.3 percent respondent can find sufficient time for children and 11.7 percent respondents cannot find sufficient time for children.

            In this way if we analyse the cases of nurses of the study group, it is clear that most 53.4 percent respondent can find sufficient time for children and 46.6 percent respondent cannot find sufficient time for children.

What to do when not getting time:-

            Those 11 professors and 54 nurses who have informed that they cannot give sufficient time to their children, it is also tried to know from them that what they do in such a situation? Whether they try to help the children in some other way is shown in below table:-

Table No.1.1

What to do, when not get time

            It is clear from the table no.4.16.1 that 36.9 percent respondents take the help of husband when not get sufficient time for the children, 18.5 percent respondents take the help of house maid,  13.8 percent respondents take the help of the family when 13.8 percent respondents children are not  staying with them for which they have not given any information in this matter , 10.8 percent respondents take leave and 6.2 percent respondents have no children for which they have not given any information about this matter .

            If we tried to make a comparative study of the found data categorically then it is known that in case of professors 36.3 percent respondents take the help of husband on not getting sufficient time for the children, 27.3 percent respondents, as children do not stay with them for which they have not given any information in this matter, 18.2 percent respondents take the help of the maid servant, 9.1 percent respondents take the help of the family and take leave.By trying to know the case of nurses it is know that 37 percent respondents take the help of husband on not getting  sufficient time for the children , 18.5 percent respondents take the help of maid servant , 14.8 percent respondents take the help of the family , 11.1 percent respondents take leave when 11.1 percent respondents children not stay when them for which they have not given any information about this matter and 7.5 percent respondents have no children for which they have not given any information.

Opinion about the impact upon socialisation of children on being working –

            From annual release of National Family Welfare 2005-06 this data are found that more than 34 percent of working women in the state of being not able to manage their responsibilities due to double role do their family work by keeping servant or house maid. ¹⁰ Family is accepted as first school in socialisation of children, whose first teacher is the mother. It is natural that for the all round development of the child mother will give sufficient time to her child but they are not able to manage their responsibilities due to being service professional. In the study it is tried to see comparatively among shift wise and non shift wise serving women that who could give more time to their children in this matter found data are shown in below table –

Table no. 2

Opinion about the impact upon socialisation of children on being working –

             It is clear from analysis of above that 60.4 percent respondent have informed non falling of impact upon socialisation of children due to being working and 39.6 percent respondents have informed about falling of impact upon socialisation of children due to being working. above fact categorically then is clear that in case of professors most 72.7 percent respondent have informed that because of being working impact doesn’t fall upon the socialisation of children and 27.3 percent respondent have informed about falling of impact upon socialisation of children on being working women.

            In this way if we try to analyse the case of nurses of the study group then it is clear that 54.4 percent have informed non falling of impact upon socialisation of children on being working and 45.6 percent respondent have informed that the impact fall upon socialisation of children on being working.

Types of impact –

            In 2010 it is found in a group discussion related to impacts upon adult children of working women that due to being could not give sufficient time by working to their children , vast changes are seen in their socialisation such as could not being friendly easily with other students in the school, studying less and give more time in sports and entertainment activities, being not able to present his problems in front of  the teacher, being of shy nature, behaving of non-friendly in many occasions. In the present it is tried to know the fact that what type of problem arises on being not able to give sufficient time to children by the women professors and nurses, it is known which details are shown in below table.

Table No. 2.1

Types of impact

             It is known from above table related to types of impact that among impacts due to being not able to give much time to children 21.2 percent respondents have informed that children becomes introvert on not being given sufficient time, 20 percent respondent have given information that children becomes self-dependent, 17.5 percent respondents have informed that children become behavioural, 11.3 percent respondent have informed this that children cannot become understanding and 8.7 percent respondent have informed this that children become irresponsible.

            Analysing the above fact categorically it is known that in case of professors 33.4 percent respondent have informed this that children become independent on not given much time, 16.6 percent respondent have informed that children become introvert on not being given time and feel lonely, 11.1 percent respondent have informed this that due to being unable to give time children cannot become understanding and cannot able to become behavioural, 5.6 percent respondent have informed that due to being not given time children become irresponsible and concentrate on wrong doings.

            In this way if we tried to see the case of nurses then it is known that 22.6 percent respondent have informed that due to being unable to give time to children , they become introvert, 19.3 percent respondent have informed this that due to being unable to give time children cannot become behavioural, 16.1 percent respondent have informed that due to being unable to give time children become self dependent, 12.9 percent respondent have informed that due to being unable to give time children concentrate on wrong doings and 9.7 percent respondent have informed that due to being unable to give time children cannot become understanding and become irresponsible and fell lonely.

Conclusion:

Findings of the study show that Majority of nurses and professors accept it that they have not sufficient time for their children. In case of lack of time they take the help of husband. Majority of the respondent are agree to there is partial negative impact among on children of working women. Nurses are facing more problems related to socialization of children due to night shift duty .

References: -

1.       Desai Neera A. Women in Modern India: Vora and Company, Publishers Private Ltd. Bombay.1957.

2.       Kapoor Pramila. The changing Status of the working women in India: Vikas Publications House. New Delhi. 1976. P-98-115.

3.       Patricia Voydan  Work role Characteristic family Structure and demands and work/family comflict: Journal of marriage and family.1988.

4.       Gupta, Subhash Chandra. Working women and Indian Society: Arjun Publishing House New Delhi. 2004. P-163-173.

5.       Sachdeva, Janak.  Working mothers: Social welfare. 1974; 21: 10-12, 27.

6.       National Family welfare and Health Ministry Govt. of India, 2005-06.